Dear Mr. Cavey, I know you are an ethical person. If a sprinter does not show up to a race - they do not automatically recieve a medal. Do they? Or is that what you're arguing here? And maybe that's my confusion with what you wrote. You seem to be saying that it's ok for students to REFUSE to do work. Grades cannot be fabricated by teachers - that's my point. It doesn't matter what the teacher "thinks" or "believes" about the student. If the teacher does not have direct work -then NO GRADE can be ethically generated. And to suggest they should do some type of gymnastics to "fabricate" a grade is just unethical and wrong. And I know you agree with that.